Many Americans view hard work as the path to achieving the American Dream. Source: Current Population Survey, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. In compiling this list of the toughest races in the world, we chose insane ultramarathons that are flat out brutal, making us cringe. Black Americans, who were among the hardest hit by coronavirus layoffs, are now recovering at the slowest rate, a one-two punch that threatens to worsen the United States . Taking place in mid-October, the Moab 240 race is as beautiful as it is tough. It also comes with the stigma that being a construction worker means having to show youre tough, leading many individuals to bottle up their feelings and battle depression after an injury. Let me start by sharing some of my own hard truths: First, all of us in law enforcement must be honest enough to acknowledge that much of our history is not pretty. Refuting the 'Maana' nation stereotype, Mexicans are shown to work far harder than their American counterparts. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. There's the pressure to perform well and the self-doubt that occurs if we're passed up for a promotion or our career path doesn't go as planned. This rate is the number unemployed as a percentage of the civilian labor force. Union members overall earned more than non-union members in 2018 $1,051 per week at the median compared with $860 among full-time workers. Most U.S. workers work an average of 34.4 hours per week. Union membership peaked in 1954 at nearly 35% of all U.S. workers (excluding the self-employed), but in 2018 the unionization rate was just 10.5%. of people with this job in the U.S: 272,300. But in COVID times, they had to learn a whole new style of teaching to adapt to online learning, often with little support or guidance from school administrations, and worry about the virus spreading through their classroom. Among men, the earnings for Whites ($971), Blacks ($710), and Hispanics ($690) were 80 percent, 59 percent, and 57 percent, respectively, of the earnings of Asians ($1,207). The jobless rates were 3.8 percent for Whites,6.1 percent for Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders, 6.7 percent for individuals of Two or More Races, and 5.1 percent for Hispanics. of people with this job in the U.S: 178,900. (The share of workers represented by unions is a bit higher, 11.7%, because about 1.6 million workers who aren't union members are in jobs . Senior corporate executives support a company's top officers, like the CEO, CFO, and CTO. This grueling 170-mile race takes place between two of America's most iconic geological formations: the Grand Canyon, and the Grand Staircase. Employed people by occupation, gender, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2017 annual averages, Table 8. In 2018, 14.8% of all Americans ages 16 to 29 or about 9 million young people were NEETs. They literally fight fires, one of the most destructive and unpredictable forces we know. In a 2018 Pew Research Center survey, 51% of Americans said the decline in unionization has been mostly bad for working people, while 35% regarded it as mostly good. (3) Discouraged workers are people marginally attached to the labor force who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks school or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. The Centers most recent analysis found that the median salary for college graduates ages 25 to 37 working full time earned was about $24,700 more annually than employed young adults holding only a high school diploma. The route includes 29,467ft (8980 meters) of ascent and an equal amount of descending. Employed people include all those who, during the survey reference week (which is generally the week including the 12th day of the month), (a) did any work at all as paid employees; (b) worked in their own business or profession or on their own farm; or (c) worked 15 hours or more as unpaid workers in a family members business. of people with this job in the U.S.: 110,500. Job leavers, people who quit or otherwise terminated their employment voluntarily and immediately began looking for work. Given the private nature of their interactions with clients, its also harder for them to vent about something that happened at work, which causes pent-up stress. In the enumeration process, race is determined by the household respondent. For people on layoff, the duration of unemployment is the number of full weeks they had been on layoff. . They work holidays, nights and weekends, and employers arent typically generous with paid time off, so missing shifts could mean missing a paycheck. Employed people by detailed occupation, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2017 annual averages, Table 9. While the average workweek is under 40 hours, about 10% of working men work over 50 hours per week. Here is how you know. When a sample, rather than an entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the true population values they represent. Among families maintained by women without a spouse present, Asian families were the most likely to have an employed family member (85 percent). Israel has a large number of very skilled people in employment who work hard at their jobs. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an intergovernmental collective of 38 developed and mostly high-income countries, whose collective Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of $57.9 trillion USD comprised just over 60% of the global GDP of $96.1 trillion USD in 2021. As the pandemic showed us, theres a lot of pressure and demand on scientists to come up with effective vaccines, and every setback is scrutinized (even though we all know research doesnt always go the way you want it to). Yet even with a high risk of contracting COVID, bus drivers were there to keep cities running and provide dependable rides for essential workers, and several lost their lives in the process. Median earnings figures indicate the numerical value that divides the earnings distribution into two equal parts, one part having values above the median and the other having values below the median. Median annual wages: $54,400. Runners have just 48 hours to complete the race. For example, median usual weekly earnings of Asian men ($1,662) and White men ($1,458) working full time in management, professional, and related occupations (the highest paying major occupational group) were considerably higher than the earnings of Hispanic men ($1,166) and Black men ($1,099) in the same occupational group. Upon request, the information presented here is available to individuals who are sensory impaired. People who were waiting to be recalled to a job from which they had been laid off need not have been looking for work to be classified as unemployed. Another ultramarathon trying to claim the crown for the most extreme running event in the US is Badwater 135. of people with this job in the U.S.:31,130. They have to deal with difficult personalities in a cutthroat industry and perpetually come up with creative spins to make sure their clients look good even in the most extreme situations, a task that involves a lot of nail-biting and stress. 9 Mexico, 1866 hours per annum. There are lots of mountain races out there, but this one has its participants running for five days across Walesnot to mention . Footnotes (1) The sum of the employed plus the unemployed. Labor force participation rates by race and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2017 annual averages, Chart 2. (See table 17. By detailed ethnicity, the majority of Hispanics in the labor force were Mexican (61 percent). (2) Includes people with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees. People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. As a group, police officers have one of the nations highest suicide rates. Note: This is an update of a post originally published Sept. 3, 2015. Because of a high poverty rate and a relatively high unemployment rate, Costa Ricans must often work very long hours to provide for themselves and their families. While it's easy (and totally OK) to think, "I have the world . 46. (See table 3.). Every single case that oncologists work with is high-stakes and highly emotional. Employed people by industry, gender, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2017 annual averages, Table 10. The Luckiest Workers in America? ), Among adult men (ages 20 and older) in the largest race and ethnicity groups, Hispanics (77.1 percent) continued to have the highest employmentpopulation ratio. People who were temporarily absent from their jobs or businesses because of illness, vacation, a labor dispute, or some other reason also are counted as employed. For a commonly introverted group, communicating with many people across different departments can be more challenging and exhausting than other professions. The people of Mexico work much harder than any of their fellow OECD members, clocking in an average of 2,148 hours per year at work. No. In 2017, the overall unemployment rate for the United States was 4.4 percent; however, the rate varied across race and ethnicity groups. 10. White Covid death rates climbed by 35 percent from the first to second year of the pandemic, the C.D.C. 3. A conversation with some of those who've been tracking them up close. Nine percent of Hispanics were Puerto Rican, 7 percent were South American, and 4 percent were Cuban. Employment-population ratios by gender, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 19722017 annual averages, Table 6. some jobs take a very different type of hard work. Source: Current Population Survey, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (See table 11.). Source: Current Population Survey, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Their job is so stressful that 20 percent of morticians develop PTSD, according to a Harvard University study. (See table 16. The sections that follow highlight some of the major findings on the labor force characteristics of race and ethnicity groups in 2017. Getting through more work than anyone else. Only 199,000 adult workers with a bachelor's degree or higher are in the . Farming is also one of the deadliest jobs in America. No. White, black, and Asian workers were non-Hispanic; Hispanic workers could be of any race. However, American workers may be surprised at the average number of hours workers put in in other countries every week. of people with this job in the U.S.: 703,800. All other types of error are referred to as nonsampling error. information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely. (Previously, people identified a group as their main race.) The unemployment rates for Hispanic, White, and Asian teenagers were 15.0 percent, 12.2 percent, and 11.5 percent, respectively. Older workers represented 6.6% of all employed Americans in July, up from 3% in July 2000. The estimates in this report were obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a national monthly sample survey of approximately 60,000 eligible households that provides a wide range of information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment. Greece's high budget deficit and public debt, combined with huge losses of tax revenues due to systematic tax evasion, caused the country's debt-to-GDP ratio to skyrocket. Plus most salaries are appalling and teachers are often expected to pay for work-related things out of pocket. Each procudure can be very stressful to anesthesiologists, as even the smallest mistake can prove fatal. The Greek economy was heavily impacted by the global financial crisis of 2007-2008. When you work hard at a job where the boss doesn't value your efforts, all your hard work gets you is taken for . Labor force participation rates by gender, race, and Hispanic or Table 5. Employed people by detailed occupation, race, and Hispanic or Table 9. Costa Rica is the second-hardest-working country in the OECD, working an average of 2,073 hours in 2021. But wide disparities in the cost of living in different parts of the country and even within individual states complicate the policy debate. Overall, 67% of Americans favor increasing the federal minimum wage from $7.25 an hour to $15, according to a Pew Research Center survey from earlier this year. No. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. No. No. As the head of the kitchen, chefs are tasked with creating recipes that can satisfy a variety of palettes, making sure meals are prepared quickly and correctly (especially if a customer asks for the dreaded modification), and taking the heat if anything goes wrong. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by educational attainment, gender, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2017 annual averages, Table 18. . ), The employmentpopulation ratio (that is, the proportion of the population that is employed) ranged from 55.6 percent for American Indians and Alaska Natives to 62.9 percent for Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders. Long, hot days in the sun or extreme cold coupled with backbreaking work and high risks of injuries makes construction jobs very challenging. For more information, see https://www.bls.gov/cps/duration.htm. . Theres a reason we often want someone else to do the driving. [4] A more detailed discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and of information on estimating standard errors is available online; see Reliability of estimates from the CPS, Labor force statistics from the Current Population Survey (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, May 16, 2017), www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability. But the impact of the self-employed is wider: A Pew Research Center report found that self-employed Americans and the people working for them together accounted for 30% of the nations workforce, or 44 million jobs in total in 2014. 4About 16 million Americans are self-employed, according to BLS data from July of this year. The race or ethnicity of families is determined by that of the householder: the family reference person in whose name the housing unit is owned or rented. By Steve Dempsey on September 18, 2019. No. Unemployed people by reason for unemployment, gender, race, and Table 15. American Work-Life Balance (Labor Participation Rate & Parental Leave) On work and family life balance, "Among married-couple families with children, 96.5 percent had at least one employed parent in 2021, and in 62.3 percent of these families both parents were employed". Kaveman says. Labor force participation rates by gender, race, and Hispanic or Table 4a. The industry with the biggest decline in the rate of union representation from 2000 to 2018 was transportation and material moving, from 21.7% to 14.5%. ), As computed from table 15, Blacks made up 13 percent of the civilian labor force, but 22 percent of people marginally attached to the labor force. [2] More information on the 2003 changes to questions on race and Hispanic ethnicity is available on the BLS website; see Mary Bowler, Randy E. Ilg, Stephen Miller, Ed Robison, and Anne Polivka, Revisions to the Current Population Survey Effective in January 2003 (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics), www.bls.gov/cps/rvcps03.pdf. (See table 9. Among the major service-industry sectors, the biggest was trade, transportation and utilities (27.8 million workers), followed by education and health services (24.3 million), professional and business services (21.5 million) and leisure and hospitality (16.7 million). Average annual wages: $9,885. Charles Grassley (R-Iowa) Grassley won a seventh Senate term in 2016 in a landslide over a Democrat who didn't even try to attack his advanced age. Unlike their European counterparts, American workers are not guaranteed paid sick leave or paid maternity leave. Early numbers indicate the weekly hours worked may rise by as much as 9% nationally once 2022 totals are tallied. In the span of a 40-year career, this translates . It is the backbone behind the achievement of all other important values, like freedom, patriotism, diversity, and equality. The median earnings of White women ($795), Black women ($657), and Hispanic women ($603) were 88 percent, 73 percent, and 67 percent, respectively, of the earnings of Asian women ($903). A standard full marathon is 26.2 miles of hard work and dedication, but this list is going extreme with races that go beyond the norm, heading into the territory of suffering and self-discovery. For 7 days, runners compete in 6-stage stretches between campsites, navigating through a desert landscape of red canyons, sand dunes, mesas, hoodoos Badwater 135, Death Valley, California The race that . Asian estimates for 2000-2002 are for Asians and Pacific Islanders; beginning in 2003, Asian is a separate category. For their brave service, many earn less than $30,000 a year, and the job comes with a real risk of developing PTSD and other mental health issues. Employed people by occupation, gender, race, and Hispanic or Table 8. Of the total unemployed for each major race and ethnicity group, 51 percent of Whites and 50 percent of Hispanics were job losers, compared with 47 percent of Blacks and 42 percent of Asians. Minorities, especially men, spend a greater fraction of their workdays not working than do white non-Hispanics. With the exception of "Total Score," all of the columns in the table above depict the relative rank of that state, where a rank of 1 . In the United States, we often consider "9-to-5" (9am to 5pm) to be the typical office day. of people with this job in the U.S.: Servers: 2.6 million; bartenders: 654,700. The remainder16 percentwere classified as Other Asian, a category that includes individuals in an Asian group not listed abovesuch as Hmong, Laotian, Thai, Pakistani, and Cambodianand those who reported two or more Asian groups (as computed from table 2). No. With fewer opportunities and fierce competition, photographers often have to zoom in on other jobs to get by. These differences are robust to the . Dash indicates data not available. But the share of teens working summer jobs has dwindled since the early 1990s: After bottoming out in 2010 and 2011 at 29.6%, the teen summer employment rate began rising again but was still only 34.6% in summer 2017. For example, the average worker in the Netherlands makes $54,262 annually, working 37.3 hours per week, but the average worker in Portugal earns $25,487 working 40.7 hours per week. By Mark Jason Williams, updated on May 20, 2022. It was during the administration of Fiorello LaGuardia that the position of New York City mayor became known as the "second toughest job in America . Civilian labor force. No. In the mid-1800's, Dr. James McCune Smith was the leading voice in the medical profession to argue that the health of the person was not primarily a consequence of their innate constitution, but instead reflected their intrinsic membership in groups created by a race structured society (15-17). Continents Countries World Cities US States US Counties US Cities Zips. Though the job comes with the thrills of telling different stories and being a part of exciting events, theres also an unpredictable and demanding work schedule, sacrificing personal lives, the possibility of quick burnout and public backlash from critics who disagree with how a story is portrayed. No. In 2012, union membership hit its lowest point since the current data series began in the early 1980s, falling below 14.4 million, before turning modestly upward. . Chinese made up 22 percent, followed by Filipinos (16 percent), Vietnamese (11 percent), Koreans (8 percent), and Japanese (5 percent). Usain Bolt, widely regarded as one of the greatest sprinters of all time, has often talked about the importance of hard work and dedication behind the scenes. Many of us get stressed out by our jobs. According to the National Agricultural Workers Survey (NAWS) conducted in 2018 of approximately 2,500 workers nationally, approximately 77% of farmworkers identify as Hispanic, and about 61% are of Mexican descent. Here's a look at the 10 most dangerous jobs in America, based on BLS data: 10. of people with this job in the U.S.: 207,920. When was the last time you bought something from a total stranger who cold-called you during dinner? Projected job growth, 2016-2026: +7.6%. An official website of the United States government Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling error and nonsampling error. Email: cpsinfo@bls.gov; Telephone: (202) 691-6378. In the worst-case scenario, it can be deadly. Despite the pressures of academic life, soaring college costs and burdensome student loans, young college graduates were better off than their degreeless peers on many measures of economic well-being and career attainment, and to a greater extent than in the past. No. Chile suffers from very high social inequality, with the wealthiest 20% of the population bringing in approximately $31,000 per year and the bottom 20% taking home barely $2,400 per year. No. Morticians have the unfortunate double duty of embalming, cleaning and grooming a dead body for funeral services, while also being there to counsel and console grieving loved ones. Employed Black men were more likely than employed men of other race and ethnicity groups to work in transportation and utilities (12 percent). The rest of this page describes the employment, earnings, demographic characteristics, and other information for the hired farm labor force only. Postal Service in 8 charts, Most Americans view unions favorably, though few workers belong to one, 60% of Americans Would Be Uncomfortable With Provider Relying on AI in Their Own Health Care, Gender pay gap in U.S. hasnt changed much in two decades. As a lawyer, you'll have to deal with fights, screaming matches and high emotions, all while remaining calm and trying to help your client. Central Americansincluding Salvadorans and Other Central Americans (excluding Salvadorans)made up another 10 percent. But evidence suggests that as women enter the responsibilities of parenthood their earnings fall further behind same-aged male counterparts. Social workers often have their clients best interests at heart, but working with underserved individuals who have gone through abuse and trauma, and who have complex needs, can weigh heavily on a person. Prior to 2003, people who reported more than one race were included in the group they identified as the main race. Americans work hard as a rule - putting in 1,780 hours of work a year, according to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.That's 70 hours more than the average Japanese . found. Reentrants, people who previously worked but who were out of the labor force prior to beginning their job search. (See table 2.) Families maintained by women (without a spouse present) accounted for 43 percent of Black families, 24 percent of Hispanic families, 15 percent of White families, and 12 percent of Asian families. Labor force participation rates by presence and age of youngest child, gender, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 19942017 annual averages, Table 12. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary Table 17. In 2018, 1.7 million workers 2.1% of all hourly paid workers had wages at or below the current federal minimum wage, according to the BLS. "The women missing in this wage gap are the low-paid, part-time workers who felt the impacts of Covid the hardest," Emily Martin, VP for education and workplace justice at NWLC, says. 5. Employment and unemployment in families by type of family, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2017 annual averages, Table 11. Because of their relatively small sample sizes, estimates for these additional groups are not included in all tables. Besides the physical toll this takes on their bodies, firefighters have high levels of stress that can cause heart disease, strokes or depression. What the data says about gun deaths in the U.S. Mar 1, 2023, 08:30am EST. Before sharing sensitive information, Mexico is one of only two countries in the OECD (along with Turkey) that is considered a middle-income country. They have to perpetually contort themselves into uncomfortable positions, which takes a real toll on their knees and backs. of people with this job in the U.S:6,082. Then, theres the grueling training. Badwater 135. This industry includes a wide swath of occupations from air traffic controllers to bus drivers to flight attendants. According to our analysis, the hardest working city in America is Walnut Creek, California. Have you ever seen anyone happy to be at a repair shop? People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. of people with this job in the U.S.: 715,600. Labor force participation rates by presence and age of youngest Table 12. ), Production, transportation, and material moving, Natural resources, construction, and maintenance. Taxi drivers face all of the above, plus work around the clock, make little money and get stuck with unruly passengers. The Other Asian category includes both individuals of groups not listedsuch as Pakistani, Hmong, and Cambodianand those who reported two or more Asian groups. Employment-population ratios by gender, race, and Hispanic or Table 6. Management, professional, and related occupations, Management, business, and financial operations occupations, Business and financial operations occupations, Life, physical, and social science occupations, Education, training, and library occupations, Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations, Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations, Food preparation and serving related occupations, Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations, Office and administrative support occupations, Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations, Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations, Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations, Production, transportation, and material moving occupations, Transportation and material moving occupations, Public relations and fundraising managers, Computer and information systems managers, Transportation, storage, and distribution managers, Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers, Property, real estate, and community association managers, Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes, Buyers and purchasing agents, farm products, Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products, Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products, Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators, Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists, Market research analysts and marketing specialists, Business operations specialists, all other, Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents, Computer and information research scientists, Software developers, applications and systems software, Network and computer systems administrators, Miscellaneous mathematical science occupations, Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists, Industrial engineers, including health and safety, Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers, Environmental scientists and geoscientists, Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers, Agricultural and food science technicians, Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians, Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists, Miscellaneous community and social service specialists, including health educators and community health workers, Directors, religious activities and education, Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers, Archivists, curators, and museum technicians, Other education, training, and library workers, Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers, Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other, News analysts, reporters and correspondents, Miscellaneous media and communication workers, Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators, Television, video, and motion picture camera operators and editors, Media and communication equipment workers, all other, Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other, Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians, Diagnostic related technologists and technicians, Emergency medical technicians and paramedics, Health practitioner support technologists and technicians, Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses, Medical records and health information technicians, Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians, Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations, Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides, Occupational therapy assistants and aides, Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers, Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations, including medical equipment preparers, First-line supervisors of correctional officers, First-line supervisors of police and detectives, First-line supervisors of fire fighting and prevention workers, First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other, Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers, Security guards and gaming surveillance officers, Lifeguards and other recreational, and all other protective service workers, First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers, Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food, Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop, Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers, Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop, Food preparation and serving related workers, all other, First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers, First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers, First-line supervisors of personal service workers, Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers, Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers, Morticians, undertakers, and funeral directors, Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists, Miscellaneous personal appearance workers, Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges, Personal care and service workers, all other, First-line supervisors of retail sales workers, First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers, Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents, Sales representatives, services, all other, Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, Models, demonstrators, and product promoters, Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers, First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers, Switchboard operators, including answering service, Communications equipment operators, all other, Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks, Eligibility interviewers, government programs, Interviewers, except eligibility and loan, Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping, Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks, Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators, Production, planning, and expediting clerks, Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping, Secretaries and administrative assistants, Insurance claims and policy processing clerks, Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service, Office machine operators, except computer, Office and administrative support workers, all other, First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers, Graders and sorters, agricultural products, First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers, Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons, Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers, Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers, Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators, Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators, Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers, Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters, Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators, Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners, Miscellaneous construction and related workers, Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining, Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters, First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers, Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers, Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers, Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment, Electrical and electronics repairers, industrial and utility, Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles, Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers, Security and fire alarm systems installers, Aircraft mechanics and service technicians, Automotive glass installers and repairers, Automotive service technicians and mechanics, Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists, Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics, Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers, Control and valve installers and repairers, Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers, Industrial and refractory machinery mechanics, Electrical power-line installers and repairers, Telecommunications line installers and repairers, Precision instrument and equipment repairers, Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers, Manufactured building and mobile home installers, Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers, Other installation, maintenance, and repair workers, First-line supervisors of production and operating workers, Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers, Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers, Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers, Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders, Food cooking machine operators and tenders, Computer control programmers and operators, Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Metal furnace operators, tenders, pourers, and casters, Model makers and patternmakers, metal and plastic, Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, Metal workers and plastic workers, all other, Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials, Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders, Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders, Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders, Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders, Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers, Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other, Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood, Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing, Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers, Stationary engineers and boiler operators, Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators, Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders, Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers, Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders, Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders, Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers, Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers, Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory technicians, Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders, Photographic process workers and processing machine operators, Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders, Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders, Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders, Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic, Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders, Supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists, Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians, Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators, Subway, streetcar, and other rail transportation workers, Automotive and watercraft service attendants, Transportation attendants, except flight attendants, Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators, Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand, Refuse and recyclable material collectors.