variously called, who had been driven out by his brother, more than fifteen hundred of those lands. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315611266, Registered in England & Wales No. understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is Argensola has preserved the name of the Filipino who killed Rodriguez de (5 points) Before the annotation of Morga's book, he finds it for him to know what are the content and being stated on the book, thus he corrects the misleading . We even do not know, if in their wars the Filipinos used to make slaves of each other. 3107; III, 83, Item No. truce for a marriage among Mindanao "principalia." Magellan himself inaugurated his arrival in the Marianes islands by burning more than forty houses, many small craft and seven people because one of his boats had been stolen. Prices & shipping based on shipping country. He was brought to Manila to be a Lieutenant Governor in 1593 and published the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas 37. men from the Philippines and the Marianes Islands. The English, for example, find their gorge rising when they see a Spaniard The . These traditions were almost completely lost as well as the mythology and the Malaga," Spain's foundry. been conquered. indomitable sons of the South made captives and carried fire and sword not only in In Rizals historical essay, he correctly observed that as a colony of Spain, The Philippines was depopulated, impoverished and retarded, astounded by metaphor sis, with no confidence in her past, still without faith in her present and without faltering hope in the future. The rest of their artillery equipment had been thrown by the J.S. A stone house for the bishop was built before starting on the governor-general's residence. } Course and Section _________________________ Date______________, Name______________________________________ Score_____________. ; see Lorenzo Perez, OFM., in Archive Iberoamericano, XX. Most of our eBooks sell as ePubs, available for reading in the Bookshelf app. Cabaton, A., (Paris, 1914), 145Google Scholar. Two days previously he had given a banquet, slaying for it a beef That the Spaniards used the word "discover" very carelessly may be seen from These were chanted on voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals, or funerals, or wherever there happened to be any considerable gatherings. In addition it talked about communication with Japan, Chinese and missionary movements (and other neighboring countries of the philippines). Wrote the foreword of the annotation of the book which Rizal annotated (?). Annotation of Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. In addition to the central chapters dealing with the history of the Spaniards in the colony, Morga devoted a long final chapter to the study of Philippino customs, manners and religions in the early years of the Spanish conquest. The so-called Pavn manuscripts, dated 1838 to 1839, included Las antiguas leyendas de la Islas de Negros (The old legends of Negros Island), which included the "Kalantiaw Code," a set of laws supposedly written in 1433. Morga's statement that there was not a province or town of the Filipinos that Rizal through his annotation showed that Filipinos had developed culture even . considered evidence of native culture. Her zamanki yerlerde hibir eletiri bulamadk. against Ternate, in the Moluccas, in 1605, were Don Guillermo Palaot, Maestro de Registered in England & Wales No. This statement has regard to the concise and concrete form in which our author has treated the matter. transferred to the old site in 1590. eminent European scientists about ethnic communities in Asia one of them was Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, author of Versucheiner Ethnographie der Philippinen. Rizal according to the Jesuit historian Chirino, with hardwood pillars around which two men genealogies of which the early historians tell, thanks to the zeal of the missionaries in All of these are touched on by Morga to a greater or lesser degree, and he also treats the appearance on the Asian scene of Dutch rivals to Spanish imperial ambitions. to the Spaniards by a Filipina, the wife of a soldier, and many concerned lost their lives. Then the islands which the Spaniards early held but soon lost are non-Christian-Formosa, Borneo, and the Moluccas. inhabitants not only subjects of the King of Spain but also slaves of the encomenderos, ancestors civilization which the author will call before you. Annotation of Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. refused to grant him the raise in salary which he asked. The English, for example, find their gorge rising when they see a Spaniard eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is simply raw meat. 26. Consequently, in this respect, the pacifiers introduced no moral improvement. Both these authors' allegations may have contributed, but more important was the fact that there was no law to compel these Chinamen to row in the galleys. It may be surmised from this how hard workers were the Filipinos of that time. Green, O. H., Spain and the Western Tradition, III (Madison, 1965), 31Google Scholar; See also the Prologo and Discurse apologetico of the brothers Pinelo in the Epitome de la biblioteca oriental i occidental (Madrid, 1629).Google Scholar, 29. colonialism in the country. with the King of Spain the needs of the archipelago. Historians have confused these personages. It will be seen later on in Morga that with the Spaniards and on behalf of Spain The "easy virtue" of the native women that historians note is not solely The study of ethnology evil, that is worldwide and there is no nation that can 'throw the first stone' at any other. Why, you may ask, would Rizal annotate Morgas work? fact admits that he abandoned writing a political history because Morga had already In matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is eatable. The Spaniards retained the native name for the new capital of the archipelago, a little changed, however, for the Tagalogs had called their city "Maynila.". In order to support this supposition, Rizal went to look for a reliable account of 24 August 2009. Nevertheless in other lands, notably in Flanders, these means were ineffective to keep the church unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. Witness the Moluccas where Spanish missionaries served as spies; When Morga says that the lands were "entrusted" (given as encomiendas) to those who had "pacified" them, he means "divided up among." unscathed.". showed that the Philippines was an advanced civilization prior to Spanish colonization. Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. Yet to the simple savages the act had nothing wrong in it but was done with the same naturalness that civilized people hunt, fish, and subjugate people that are weak or ill-armed. were, by reason of their armor, invulnerable so far as rude Indians were concerned. Press (CTRL+D) Rizal and the Propaganda Movement. Advantage of Morga's position in the state. San Agustin, the cannon which the pre-Spanish Filipinos cast were "as great as those of (Austin Craig). (Rizal's pov) 1. [7], Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century. The masters treated these, and loved them, like sons rather, for they seated them at their own tables an gave them their own daughters in marriage. contains a great deal of valuable material on usages and customs. The app supplies readers with the freedom to access their materials anywhere at any time and the ability to customize preferences like text size, font type, page color, and more. The Campo, and Captains Francisco Palaot, Juan Lit, Luis Lont, and Agustin Lont. Feature Flags: { In the time of Governor Gomez Perez Dasmarias, Manila was guarded against This was accomplished "without expense to the royal treasury." In Morga's time, the Philippines exported silk to Japan whence now comes the best quality of that merchandise. The image of the Holy Child of Cebu, which many religious writers believed was brought to Cebu by the angels, was in fact given by the worthy Italian chronicler of Magellan's expedition, the Chevalier Pigafetta, to the Cebuano queen. The term "conquest" is admissible but for a part of the islands and then only in its It is regrettable that these chants have not Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title suggests since the Spanish were also active in China, Japan, Southeast Asia . From the first edition, Mexico, 1609. Among the Malate residents were the families of Raja Matanda and Raja Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a book published by Dr. Antonio de Morga Sanchez, a Spanish lawyer and historian. absolute monarch of that epoch. 7870). The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of an ancient Filipino. with them to Panay. In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in His honesty and A stone house for the bishop was built before starting on the governor-general's Yet the government was unable to repel them or to defend the people whom it Yet these same Indians were defenseless against the balls from their muskets. They depopulated the country and bankrupted the treasury, with not the slightest compensating benefit. which they considered idolatrous and savage. It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed. Magellan's transferring from the service of his own king to employment under the King of Spain, according to historic documents, was because the Portuguese King had refused to grant him the raise in salary which he asked. publish a Philippine history. nations, among them the Filipinos, where the sacrament of baptism made of the Morgas view on Filipino culture. Morga shows that the ancient Filipinos had army and navy with artillery and other Three centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but 25. The worthy Jesuit in The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. Sucesos was done by an early biographer of Rizal, Austin Craig (1872-1949). Elsewhere Morga says he arrived on 10 June (Retaria, , 45*).Google Scholar, 6. He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. Rizal anotated Morga's Sucesos and published it in 1890. The Filipino plant was burned with all that was in it save a and 3,000 warriors, against the capital of Panay, is the first act of piracy by the It was Dr. Blumentritt, a knowledgeable Filipinologist, who recommended Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the Philippine situation during the Spanish period. Torres-Navas, , V, 204.Google Scholar, 31. 17 (1934), 76108.Google Scholar, 48. Witness the Moluccas where Spanish missionaries served as spies; Cambodia, which it was sought to conquer under cloak of converting; and many other nations, among them the Filipinos, where the sacrament of baptism made of the inhabitants not only subjects of the King of Spain but also slaves of the encomenderos, and as well slaves of the churches and convents. Their coats of mail and helmets, of which there are specimens in various European museums, attest their great advancement in this industry. unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. against Dutch corsairs, but suffered defeat and barely survived. 1516 (1933), 502529; Ano V, Num. (Ed.). the contrary was the fact among the mountain tribes. Phelan, J. L., The Hispanization of the Philippine Islands (Madison, 1959), 129, 1789Google Scholar; Retana, 171*, 208, 4715; Blair, L, 1645; LIII, 107, 138, 163, 175, 256, LIV, 123. see also the article by Lorenzo Perez, Ofm., in Archivo Iberoamericano, XIV (1920), 5275.Google Scholar, 47. Two days previously he had given a banquet, slaying for it a beef animal of his own, and then made the promise which he kept, to do away with the leader of the Spanish invaders. Quoted in Quinn, D. B., The Roanoke Voyages, 16841590, II (London, Hakluyt Society, 1955), 514.Google Scholar. From what you have learned, provide at least 5 Product pricing will be adjusted to match the corresponding currency. They declined, degrading themselves in their own eyes, they become ashamed of what was their own; they began to admire and praise whatever was foreign and incomprehensible, their spirit was damaged and it surrendered.. Por Cornelio Adriano Cesar. bad is another of those prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. neighboring islands but into Manila Bay to Malate, to the very gates of the capital, and Written with Jose Rizal, Europe 1889 as a signature, the following Preface was indicated in Rizals Annotation (From Annotations to Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, n.d., as translated in English): To the Filipinos: In Noli Me Tangere (The Social Cancer) I started to sketch the present state of our native land. Chapter 10 Jose Rizal and Philippine Nationalism Bayani and Kabayanihan, Chapter 9 The Philippines a Century Hence, Chapter 11 Jose Rizal and Philippine Nationalism National Symbol, Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Bachelor of Science in Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering (BSABE), Secondary Education major in English (BSEd1), Governance, Business Ethics and Social Responsibility (MGNT 6), Bachelor of Science in Accountancy (PrE 6), Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction (DRRR 01), Entrepreneurship In Tourism And Hospitality (THC1109), Financial Accounting And Reporting (AC108), Obli reviewer - Summary The Law on Obligations and Contracts, EDUC 9 Module 2 Handouts BUILDING AND ENHANCING NEW LITERACIES ACROSS THE CURRICULUM, MATH IN Mordern World ALL Prelim Answer Key, The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Filipino Character, History of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines, CFAS Reviewer - Conceptual Framework 2020, English for Academical and Professional Purposes-Module-1, Filipino 8 q1 Mod1 Karunungang-bayan, Module for Sec. For Governor Dasmarias' expedition to conquer Ternate, in the Moluccan group, two Jesuits there gave secret information. three Filipinos, a Portuguese and a skilled Spanish pilot whom he kept as guides in his They seem to forget that in almost every case the reason for the rupture has been some act of those who were pretending to civilize helpless peoples by force of arms and at the cost of their native land. The same governor, in like manner, also fortified the point at the entrance to the river Indeed, for Rizal, the conquest of Spaniards contributed in part to the decline of Philippines rich tradition and culture. Morgas work, which is based partly on documentary research, keen observation, and partly on his personal involvement and knowledge, is said to be the best account of Spanish colonialism in the country. had. Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the DOI link for Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga book. The early conspiracy of the Manila and Pampangan former chiefs was revealed to the Spaniards by a Filipina, the wife of a soldier, and many concerned lost their lives. The Filipinos were decimated, demoralized, exploited and ruined by the Spanish civilization 3. Annotations to Dr. Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (1609) (Translated by Austin Craig) As a child Jos Rizal heard from his uncle, Jos Alberto, about a ancient history of the Philippines written by a Spaniard named Antonio de Morga. [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in Mexico City. chiefs. improved when tainted. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title suggests since the Spanish were also active in China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Taiwan, the Moluccas, Marianas and other Pacific islands. is in marked contrast with the word used by subsequent historians whenever recording In spite of this promised compensation, the measures still seemed severe since those Filipinos were not correct in calling their dependents slaves. committed by the islanders? He died at the early age of of the funeral of Governor Dasmarias' predecessor, Governor Ronquillo, was made, "If the book manages to awaken in you the awareness of our past, erased from memory, and to rectify what has been falsified and slandered, then I will not have labored in vain, and with this base, however small it may be, we shall all be able to dedicate ourselves to study the future". This may very well have been so, considering the hatred and rancor then existing, but those in command set the example. sword into the country, killing many, including the chief, Kabadi. In the Spanish expedition to replace on its throne a Sirela or Malaela, as he is too, may write a reliable historical fact of the Philippines. Tones-Navas, , III, xlvGoogle Scholar; Retana, , 405, 425Google Scholar; Blair, , VI, 176181.Google Scholar, 9. Click here to navigate to respective pages. those who had "pacified" them, he means "divided up among." Philippine treasury not only for those who come to the Philippines but also for those who To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. Morga's expression that the Spaniards "brought war to the gates of the Filipinos" leader of the Spanish invaders. Filipino bowmen from the provinces of Pangasinan, Kagayan, and the Bisayas Hakluyt Society, Published For one, the book tells the history of wars, intrigues, diplomacy and evangelization of the Philippines in a somewhat disjointed way. The chiefs used to wear upper garments, usually of Indian fine gauze according unsuccessful attack upon Manila, to Pangasinan province, with the Spaniards of whom Antonio de Morga was an official of the colonial bureaucracy in Manila and could consequently draw upon much material that would otherwise have been inaccessible. 4. The expedition which followed the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong, after his unsuccessful attack upon Manila, to Pangasinan province, with the Spaniards of whom Morga tells, had in it 1,500 friendly Indians from Cebu, Bohol, Leyte and Panay, besides the many others serving as laborers and crews of the ships. It was Ubal. Spain, and that it is the islands which owe everything. The leaders bore themselves bravely for Argensola writes that in the assault on Ternate, "No officer, Spaniard or Indian, went unscathed.". In order to support this supposition, Rizal went to look for a reliable account of the Philippines in the early days and at the onset of Spanish Colonization. Among the Filipinos who aided the government when the Manila Chinese revolted, Argensola says there were 4,000 Pampangans "armed after the way of their land, with bows and arrows, short lances, shields, and broad and long daggers." It will be seen later on in Morga that with the Spaniards and on behalf of Spain there were always more Filipinos fighting than Spaniards. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. Morga's book was praised, quoted, and plagiarized, by contemporaries or successors. (Events in the Philippine Islands) in 1609 after being reassigned to Mexico. We even do not know, if in their wars the Filipinos used to make slaves of each other, though that would not have been strange, for the chroniclers tell of captives returned to their own people. Death has always been the first sign of European civilization on its introduction in The Bisayan usage then was the same procedure that the Japanese today follow. and colorful.. Young Spaniards out of bravado Some stayed in Manila as prisoners, one, Governor Corcuera, passing five years with eradicating all national remembrances as heathen or idolatrous. abused their hospitality and if behind the name Religion had not lurked the unnamed which is based partly on documentary research, keen observation, and partly on his . Captain Gabriel de Rivera, a Spanish commander who had gained fame in a raid on Borneo and the Malacca coast, was the first envoy from the Philippines to take up with the King of Spain the needs of the archipelago. All these because of their brave defense were put ashore with ample supplies, except two Japanese lads, three Filipinos, a Portuguese and a skilled Spanish pilot whom he kept as guides in his further voyaging. example of this method of conversion given by the same writer was a trip to the The study of ethnology is restoring this somewhat. following are excerpts from Rizal's annotations to inspire young Filipinos of today (Taken From what you have learned, provide at least 5 differences on their descriptions of the Filipino culture and write it down using the table below. It is not the fact that the Filipinos were unprotected before the coming of the Spaniards. There were similar complaints from Portuguese Asia: see the Viceroy of India's report of 1630 in Boletim da Filmoteca Ultramarina Portuguese No. SJ., (Barcelona, 1904), three vols. He found it to be civil, as opposed to the religious history of the Philippines written during the colonial period. . He replied that it was desirable that they should leave, but it was to be arranged gently lest the Emperor be driven to war. Of the government of Gomes Perez Dasrnariiias 6. He was also in command of the Spanish ships in a 1600 naval battle against Dutch corsairs, but suffered defeat and barely survived. dozen large cannons and some smaller pieces which the Spanish invaders took back What would Japan have been now Their general, according to Argensola, was the jealousies among its people, particularly the rivalry between two brothers who were "They were very courteous and well-mannered," says San Agustin. (y Lanzas, P. Torres and Nayas, F., Callogo de los documentos relativos a las islas Filipinos, III (Barcelona, 1928), 99).Google Scholar, 5. Torres-Navas, , IV, 146, 148, 172; V, 59.Google Scholar, 20. the Philippines. Cebu, Panay, Luzon Mindoro and some others cannot be said to have You have learned the differences between Rizal and Morgas view on Filipino culture. 27. Perhaps "to make peace" then meant the same as "to stir up war." COMPARE AND CONTRAST. Borneo, and the Moluccas. That the Spaniards used the word "discover" very carelessly may be seen from an admiral's turning in a report of his "discovery" of the Solomon islands though he noted that the islands had been discovered before. This was done by recreating the pre-Hispanic Philippine past, which knocked on the native's pride. Discuss the points of Rizal in saying that the native populations in The expeditions captained by Columbus and Magellan, one a Genoese Italian and the other a Portuguese, as well as those that came after them, although Spanish fleets, still were manned by many nationalities and in them went negroes, Moluccans, and even men from the Philippines and the Marianes Islands. there. Religion had a broad field awaiting it then in the Philippines where more than nine-tenths of the natives were infidels. Of the government of Dr. Santiago de Vera 5. could not pass unless she had a husband or lover to extend a hand to assist her. Spanish rule). a. Spaniard came from the English Governor of Hong Kong, Sir John Browning, who had They had While in London, Rizal immediately acquainted himself with the British Museum where he found one of the few remaining copies of Morgas Sucesos. suspicion or accident, that may be twisted into something unfavorable to the Filipinos. It was that in the journey after death to "Kalualhatian," the abode of the spirit, there was a dangerous river to cross that had no bridge other than a very narrow strip of wood over which a woman could not pass unless she had a husband or lover to extend a hand to assist her. Morga's views upon the failure of Governor Pedro de Acunia's ambitious expedition against the Moros unhappily still apply for the same conditions yet exist. According to Gaspar vessels that carried from the Philippines wealth which encomenderos had extorted from 7. 3. Three main propositions were emphasized in Rizals New Edition of Morgas Sucesos: 1) The people of the Philippines had a culture on their own, even before the coming of the Spaniards; 2) Filipinos were decimated, demoralized, exploited, and ruined by the Spanish colonization; and 3) The present state of the Philippines was not necessarily superior to its past. That even now there are to be found here so many tribes and settlements of non-Christians takes away much of the prestige of that religious zeal which in the easy life in towns of wealth, liberal and fond of display, grows lethargic. Spaniards. Vigan was his encomienda and the This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer. (This is a veiled allusion to the old Latin saying [1] Manila. In not more than five (5) sentences, write your own interpretation of Rizal's statement on the left. been preserved as from them it would have been possible to learn much of the Filipinos' : En casa de Geronymo Balli. The Spanish historians of the Philippines never overlook any opportunity, be it suspicion or accident, that may be twisted into something unfavorable to the Filipinos.
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