In practice, they are Australia's Head of State and have a range of constitutional and ceremonial duties. The recipients have had a significant impact at the local, national and international level and are, quite simply, inspiring, the Governor-General said. Each state has a governor, who is appointed by the King on the advice of the Premier (head of government) of that state. Mr Albanese added he was looking forward to welcoming King Charles to Australia to mark his first trip Down Under as monarch. Governors-general generally become patrons of various charitable institutions, present honours and awards, host functions for various groups of people including ambassadors to and from other countries, and travel widely throughout Australia. From Federation in 1901 until 1965, 11 out of the 15 governors-general were British aristocrats; they included six barons, two viscounts, two earls, and one royal duke. Governor-General Read the Australia Day 2023 Honours list Attend the first ever 'Open Evening' at Government House on Friday 17 March from 3:00-7:00pm Subscribe to the new Order of Australia newsletter - Above and beyond - to learn about the amazing people recognised through the Order. The governor-general makes state visits overseas on behalf of Australia, during which an administrator of the government is appointed. Under the Australian Constitution, the only action performed by The King is the appointment of the Governor-General (on the advice of the Australian Prime Minister). Secondly lead a very successful life Reaching top of profession and be a bridge builder within you that profession. The Governor-General has an important role in the governing of Australia. [57] They exercised this power several times. In practice, the associated powers over the Australian Defence Force are only exercised on the advice of the prime minister or minister for defence, on behalf of cabinet. To provide continuity through general elections both federally and in New South Wales, Hurley succeeded General Sir Peter Cosgrove, who had planned to retire in March 2019, on 1 July 2019.[1][2]. From that time until 2014, governors-general did not receive automatic titles or honours, other than the post-nominal AC by virtue of being Chancellor and Principal Companion of the Order of Australia. Now, the King of Australia is generally bound by constitutional convention to accept the advice of the Australian prime minister and state premiers about Australian and state constitutional matters, respectively. What is exercisable is original executive power: that is, the very thing vested in the Queen by section 61. The King and Queen Consort will first head to France on March 16, where they will undertake engagements in Paris and Bordeaux. In an address to the Sydney Institute, January 2007, in connection with that event, Sir David Smith, a retired official secretary to the governor-general of Australia who had been Kerr's official secretary in 1975, described the constitution as conferring the powers and functions of Australia's head of state on the governor-general in "his own right". The Governor of Queensland is the representative in the state of Queensland of the monarch of Australia.In an analogous way to the governor-general of Australia at the national level, the governor performs constitutional and ceremonial functions at the state level.In particular the governor has the power to appoint and dismiss the premier of Queensland and all other ministers in the cabinet . Section 4 of the constitution allows the Monarch to appoint an administrator to carry out the role of governor-general when there is a vacancy. The only way a person can be recognised is for someone to nominate them., 6 appointments as Companions of the Order, 177 appointments as Members of the Order (surname, 506 people were awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia (surname (, The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia, The Office of the Official Secretary to the Governor-General. In 1947, Labor appointed a second Australian Governor-General, William McKell, who was in office as the Labor premier of New South Wales. Hosting visiting Heads of State and other prominent visitors to Australia, Receivingthe credentials of newly appointed Ambassadors and High Commissioners to Australia, Through Federal Executive Council, appointing the Chief of Defence Force and Service Chiefs, Commissioning officers in the Navy, Army and Air Force, Presenting Colours, Banners and other Honours to military units and personnel, Visiting military units to acknowledge the service of service personnel. These provisions make it clear that the Monarch's role in the parliament is in name only and the actual responsibility belongs to the governor-general. Sir Isaac Isaacs was successively Commonwealth Attorney-General, a High Court judge, and Chief Justice. Write to the Governor-General or Government House at: Government House Dunrossil Drive YARRALUMLA ACT 2600 Tel: (02) 6283 3533 E-mail the Governor-General or Government House [65] The opposition Nationalist Party of Australia denounced the appointment as "practically republican", but Scullin had set a precedent. Section 61 of the Constitution goes on to say that executive power is given to the King and is exercised by the Governor-General. The Governor-General of Australia is His Majesty The King's representative . Since May 2013, the style used by a former governor-general is the Honourable; it was at the same time retrospectively granted for life to all previous holders of the office.[54]. Until 1989, all governors-general were members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom and thus held the additional style The Right Honourable for life. The Governor-General acts on the advice of Ministers who are responsible to Parliament (and ultimately, through elections, the Australian people). Dunrossil died in office on 3 February 1961. Australia's national anthem is Advance Australia Fair. On 18 March 2020,[32] a human biosecurity emergency was declared in Australia owing to the risks to human health posed by the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia, after the National Security Committee met the previous day. The governor-general also has a ceremonial role: hosting events at either of the two official residencesGovernment House in the capital, Canberra, and Admiralty House in Sydneyand travelling throughout Australia to open conferences, attend services and commemorations, and generally provide encouragement to individuals and groups who are contributing to their communities. Place of birth. There are countless organisations and people demonstrating how rich this country is each day. Theyre the first to show up and the last to leave. The executive power of the Commonwealth, by section 61 of the Constitution, is declared to be vested in the Queen. Of the eleven Australians appointed governor-general since 1965, Lord Casey, Sir Paul Hasluck and Bill Hayden were former federal parliamentarians; Sir John Kerr was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales; Sir Ninian Stephen and Sir William Deane were appointed from the bench of the High Court; Sir Zelman Cowen was a vice-chancellor of the University of Queensland and constitutional lawyer; Peter Hollingworth was the Anglican Archbishop of Brisbane; and Major-General Michael Jeffery was a retired military officer and former Governor of Western Australia. He was previously the 38th governor of New South Wales, serving from 2014 to 2019. Governor-General of Australia The governor-general presides over a Federal Executive Council. The Governor-General's ceremonial duties include: The Governor-General is in constant contact with the Australian people. 1,093 talking about this. [32], In addition to the formal constitutional role, the governor-general has a representative and ceremonial role, though the extent and nature of that role has depended on the expectations of the time, the individual in office at the time, the wishes of the incumbent government, and the individual's reputation in the wider community. As the Balfour Declaration of 1926, later implemented as the Statute of Westminster 1931, put it: It is desirable formally to place on record a definition of the position held by the Governor-General as His Majesty's representative in the Dominions. log in. Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia Badge Flag of the Governor-General Incumbent David Hurley since 1 July 2019 Viceregal Style His Excellencythe Honourable Status Representative of the Head of state Commander in chief Residence Government House(Canberra) Admiralty House(Sydney) Seat Canberra Nominator Prime Minister of Australia Videos are posted by the Office of the Official Secretary to the Governor-General. In recent years best bet is to be a three or four star general. According to Section 2 of the Australian Constitution, the Governor-General is appointed by the King to be His Majesty's representative in Australia. Macquarie joined the British army as a boy and served in North America . "Charles is our Head of State, and he will be welcomed here as would other members of the Royal Family at any time," the Prime Minister said. "I think that that will be an enormous occasion.". Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Governor-General David Hurley will represent Australia at King Charles coronation in May. Stanley Bruce (1925) and Joseph Lyons (1935) either asked for or were given a list of suitable candidates to choose from. That role can become controversial, however, if the governor-general becomes unpopular with sections of the community. Sir Isaac Issacs had the esteemed honour of becoming the first Australian-born governor-general in 1931. A vacancy occurs on the resignation, death, or incapacity of the governor-general. Form letters or emails generated as part of a broader campaign will not be responded to. Afterwards, the Governor-General hosted a breakfast for The Honourable Patrick Gorman MP, Assistant Minister to the Prime Minister. The governor-general is officially appointed by the monarch of Britain but is recommended by the prime minister of Australia. ", The Governor-General in his swearing-in speech. Representative of the monarch of Australia, Sir Isaac Isaacs, the first Australian-born governor-general, 19311936, Dame Quentin Bryce, the first female governor-general, 20082014. Sir John Kerr resigned in 1977, with his official reason being his decision to accept the position of Australian Ambassador to UNESCO in Paris, a post which ultimately he did not take up, but the resignation also being motivated by the 1975 constitutional controversy. They are entitled to the courtesy style Her Excellency or His Excellency during the office-holder's term of office. Governors-general have during their tenure the style His/Her Excellency the Honourable and their spouses have the style His/Her Excellency. General David Hurley was a retired Chief of Defence Force and former Governor of New South Wales. The first Australian-born Governor-General was the Right Honourable Sir Isaac Alfred Isaacs, who served from 1931 to 1936. For the first two decades after federation, governors-general were selected solely by the British government. The Constitution of Australia is a written document, which came into effect when the six colonies federated to form the Commonwealth of Australia in . On Thursday 2 March 2023, His Excellency General the Honourable David Hurley AC DSC (Retd) presided at a meeting of the Federal Executive Council. Slim was to see no change of prime minister over his term of nearly seven years. The letters released on Tuesday revealed that Kerr, who as Governor-General was the Queen's official representative in Australia, held extensive discussions with the palace over what powers he held. On the day parliament opens, the governor-general makes a speech, entirely written by the government, explaining the government's proposed legislative program. Historically the governor-general has also served as Chief Scout of Australia. "Whether that be to tackle climate change; respond to the conflict in Ukraine; seize trade and investment opportunities or share the best of our arts and culture. In 1920, Billy Hughes became the first prime minister to be consulted over the governor-generalship. For any requests relating to the booking of school tours of Government House, Canberra please use ouremail formand selectSchool Bookings. B. M. Hertzog, who had recently insisted on his choice of the Earl of Clarendon as governor-general of that country, and the selection of an Irishman as governor-general of the Irish Free State. Kerr determined that he had both the right and the duty to dismiss the government and commission a new government that would recommend a dissolution of the Parliament. Sir, "David Hurley named next governor general of Australia", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_governors-general_of_Australia&oldid=1140852633, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 22 February 2023, at 02:42. "[21], As early as 1901, the authoritative commentary by Quick and Garran had noted that the governor-general of Australia was distinguished from other Empire governors-general by the fact that "[t]he principal and most important of his powers and functions, legislative as well as executive, are expressly conferred on him by the terms of the Constitution itself not by Royal authority, but by statutory authority". Governor-general's role. Answer (1 of 7): Firstly anyone with that ambition will be unsuitable for the job and will miss out. Everything you need to know about the role, function, structure and people of the Australian Parliament. The independence of the office is highlighted by changes which have been made in recent years to the Royal Instruments relating to it. They appoint a deputy, to whom members make an oath of allegiance before they take their seats. They are appointed on the recommendation of the Prime Minister, usually for a term of 5 years. The 30 recipients of awards in the Military Division of the Order of Australia include: The 64 recipients of Distinguished and Conspicuous awards include: An additional 77 Australians recognised for their contribution in support of Australias response to the COVID-19 pandemic have been added to the COVID-19 Honour Roll. On 16 December 2018, prime minister Scott Morrison announced that the next governor-general would be General David Hurley, then-governor of New South Wales. However, it remained unclear just whose prerogative it now became to decide who new governors-general would be. [48] Under the Governor-General Act 1974, each new commission has resulted in a pay increase. Australia will be represented at the coronation of King Charles III by Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and Governor-General David Hurley, it has been confirmed. The Governor-General of Australiais addressed as His/Her Excellencydenoting his/her rank the vice-royal representative of the monarchto a Commonwealth nation. Governors-General Since 1901 There have been twenty-seven Governors-General of the Commonwealth of Australia since 1901. The reserve powers are, according to the Constitution of Australia: Those powers are generally and routinely exercised on ministerial advice, but the governor-general retains the ability to act independently in certain circumstances, as governed by convention. The PEO acknowledges the traditional owners of country throughout Australia and their continuing The public role adopted by Sir John Kerr was curtailed considerably after the constitutional crisis of 1975; Sir William Deane's public statements on political issues produced some hostility towards him; and some charities disassociated themselves from Peter Hollingworth after the issue of his management of sex abuse cases during his time as Anglican Archbishop of Brisbane became a matter of controversy. From the creation of the Order of Australia in 1975, the governor-general was, ex officio, Chancellor and Principal Companion of the order, and therefore became entitled to the post-nominal AC. Hopetoun left for England on 17 July 1902. "It was a great honour for me to have an audience with King Charles. In the constitution, the words "Governor-General-in-council" mean the governor-general acting with the advice of the Council. The Governor-General has specific constitutional and statutory powers. The functions of the governor-general include appointing ministers, judges, and ambassadors; giving royal assent to legislation passed by parliament; issuing writs for election; and bestowing Australian honours.[6]. Australian Honours and Awards | Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia Australian Honours and Awards View the Australia Day 2023 Honours List Overview The Australian Honours and Awards system recognises the outstanding service and contributions of Australians. The Governor-General is also the Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force. The governor-general is supported by a staff (of 80 in 2018[7]) headed by the official secretary to the governor-general of Australia. Sir Ronald Munro Ferguson had been offered the governorship of South Australia in 1895 and of Victoria in 1910, but refused both appointments. The Governor-General was sworn-in on 1 July 2019. [6] Since 1 July 2019, the governor-general has been General David Hurley.[8][9]. Governor-General of Australia. Traditionally, the ceremony takes place in the Senate chamber. These are the people who see us through good times and bad. A second Australian (William McKell) was appointed in 1947; he was followed by three more Britons, each chosen by Sir Robert Menzies. The governor-general has a ceremonial role in swearing in and accepting the resignations of members of Parliament. Lord Stonehaven (as John Baird) was Minister for Transport in the Cabinets of Bonar Law and Stanley Baldwin; and after his return to Britain he became Chairman of the UK Conservative Party. The coronation will take place at Westminster Abbey in London on May 6, led by the Archbishop of Canterbury and featuring "longstanding traditions and pageantry". The most notable use of the reserve powers occurred in November 1975, in the course of the 1975 Australian constitutional crisis. Scullin's proposed appointment of Sir Isaac Isaacs was fiercely opposed by the British government. Later, the Governor-General and Mrs Hurley received Mr Gary Meyers, Ambassador, St Vincent's Hospital, on the completion of Mr Meyer's walk from Sydney to Canberra. 48.7K followers. We pay our respects to elders past and present. 11 November 2020 marks the 45th anniversary of the dismissal of the Whitlam Labor Government in 1975. [59], The early governors-general frequently sought advice on the exercise of their powers from judges of the High Court of Australia, Sir Samuel Griffith and Sir Edmund Barton. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Free shipping for many products! On 6 May 2021, when Morrison took the treasury and home affairs ministries with Hurley's approval, the governor general says in his program that he attended two ceremonies where Order of . At the start of Chapter 2 on executive government, the constitution says "The executive power of the Commonwealth is vested in the Queen and is exercisable by the Governor-General as the Queen's representative". 1935 saw the appointment of the first British high commissioner to Australia, Geoffrey Whiskard (in office 19361941). Menzies had sought a man of stature, one who had no involvement in Australian politics, and one who would represent the monarch effectively. In our opinion it is an essential consequence of the equality of status existing among the members of the British Commonwealth of Nations that the Governor-General of a Dominion is the representative of the Crown, holding in all essential respects the same position in relation to the administration of public affairs in the Dominion as is held by His Majesty the King in Great Britain, and that he is not the representative or agent of His Majesty's Government in Great Britain or of any Department of that Government. Such decisions are usually taken on the advice of the prime minister, although that is not stated in the constitution. Australian News Channel Pty Ltd 2017 - 2023. Appointment The Governor-General is appointed by the Crown, in practice on the advice of Australian Ministers of the Crown. It is played at all official and ceremonial . The salutation for a letter should be "Your Excellency" or "Dear Governor-General". - hear from some recipients. The Australian Constitution And The Use Of Convention Essay. South Australia was also the first state to appoint a woman as governor, when Dame Roma Mitchell took office in 1991. Such assent has usually been given during a scheduled visit to Australia by Queen Elizabeth II. The King maintained that it was now his sole prerogative to choose a governor-general, and he wanted Field-Marshal Sir William Birdwood for the Australian post. The constitutional crisis of 1975 raised the possibility of the prime minister and the governor-general attempting to dismiss each other at the same time. A governor-general may be recalled or dismissed by the monarch before their term is complete. In 1975, Labor Prime Minister Gough Whitlam advised the Queen that Sir Colin Hannah, then Governor of Queensland, should have his dormant commission revoked for having made public and partisan anti-Whitlam Government political statements, in violation of the convention that state governors and federal governors-general remain neutral and above politics. The Governor-General's duties as Commander-in-Chief include: "In my closing speeches as Governor, I highlighted the richness of our society, not the material richness, but a richness of spirit. The Governor-General encourages, articulates and represents the things that unite Australia as a nation. Examples of this have been the Flags Act (1953), the Royal Styles and Titles Acts (1953 and 1973), and the Australia Act (1986). The Governor-General of the Commonwealth of Australia, The Office of the Official Secretary to the Governor-General, Her Excellency Mrs Linda Hurley's biography, Receiving a congratulatory message from the Governor-General, The Governor-General's Official residences, Presiding over the Federal Executive Council, Facilitating the work of the Commonwealth Parliament and Government, Dissolving Parliament and issuing writs for a Federal election, Commissioning the Prime Minister; appointing Ministers and Assistant Ministers; and swearing-in other statutory positions. However, as the King lives in Britain, his powers are delegated to the Governor-General who lives in Australia. [50] Until 2001, Governors-General did not pay income tax on their salary; this was changed after Elizabeth II agreed to pay tax.[49]. The Governor General does things like opening parliament, and giving out awards on Australia Day. [60], In 1919, Prime Minister Billy Hughes sent a memorandum to the Colonial Office in which he requested "a real and effective voice in the selection of the King's representative". The Governor-General engaging in ceremonial duties. Then, the Governor-General, as Chancellor of the Order of Australia and Her Excellency Mrs Linda Hurley, invested Air Marshal Kevin Short AO, Chief of the New Zealand Defence Force. The salutation for a letter addressed to the Governor-General and Mrs Hurleyshould be "Your Excellencies". Through her private secretary, she wrote that she "has no part in the decisions which the Governor-General must take in accordance with the Constitution". New details have emerged about the role Australia will play at the coronation of King Charles III, as the government responds to questions about a visit to Australia by the monarch.
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